Using Over-the-Counter Products Responsibly

Everyday complaints such as a headache, a blocked nose, heartburn or minor skin irritation often lead people to products they can buy without a prescription. These over-the-counter (OTC) medicines are convenient and widely available, but they are still medicines, with possible side effects and interactions. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) notes that OTC medicines are safe and effective when you follow the directions on the label and the advice of your healthcare professional. A few simple habits help you do exactly that.

Read the full label, every time

The label and the patient information leaflet are your most important guides. Read them before you start, even if you have used the product before, because formulations and directions can change. Look in particular for:

• The active ingredient or ingredients, and what the product is intended for
• The directions, including how often it can be used and the maximum in a day
• Warnings about who should not use it, and when to ask a doctor or pharmacist first
• Possible side effects, and anything to avoid while using it
• Storage instructions and the expiry date

Our guides on how to read medicine labels and understanding expiry dates explain these sections in more detail.

Check active ingredients to avoid doubling up

The same active ingredient can appear in several different products, often under different brand names. For example, a pain reliever and a multi-symptom cold and flu remedy may contain the same ingredient. Using both at the same time could mean taking more of that ingredient than either label intends, without realising it, and this can be harmful. Before combining products, compare the active ingredients on each label, and if you are unsure, ask a pharmacist.

Respect the limits on the label

Labels state how much of a product to use and, often, for how long it should be used without medical advice. Using more, or using it more often, will not necessarily work better and can increase the risk of side effects. If you find you need a product for longer than the label allows, or you keep coming back to it, that is a sign to see a doctor so the cause of your symptoms can be properly assessed.

Take extra care in certain situations

Some people should speak to a pharmacist or doctor before using any non-prescription product:

• Children: use only products labelled as suitable for the child's age, measure with the device provided, and never give a product meant for adults unless a doctor or pharmacist has advised it.
• Older adults: who may be more sensitive to some medicines and are often already taking several.
• Pregnancy and breastfeeding: some medicines and supplements are not suitable at these times.
• Long-term conditions: such as high blood pressure, diabetes, asthma, or heart, kidney or liver problems, as some OTC products can affect these conditions or the medicines used for them.
• Anyone taking prescription medicines: to check for possible interactions.

Supplements count too

Vitamins, minerals and herbal products are often seen as harmless, but the FDA warns that some dietary supplements can interact with medicines, for example by making certain medicines less effective. Mention any supplements you take whenever you ask about a new medicine, and check with a pharmacist before adding a supplement to medicines you already use.

Keep a list, and know when to see a doctor

Keep an up-to-date list of everything you take, including prescription medicines, OTC products and supplements, and share it with your pharmacist or doctor. Store products as directed, out of the reach and sight of children; our guide to storing medicines safely at home has practical tips. Our article on questions to ask your pharmacist may also help you get the most from your next visit.

If you are not sure whether a non-prescription product is right for you, the team at AJ Pharmacy is happy to talk it through. Ask us in store, call +973 3366 8480 or message us on WhatsApp.